Ten Things We Waste

Ten Things We Waste
(based on a lesson of Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah)
1. --Our Knowledge-- Wasted by not taking action with it.
2. --Our Actions-- Wasted by committing them with out sincerity.
3. --Our Wealth-- Wasted by using on things that will not bring us ajr. We waste our money, our status, our authority, on things which have no benefit in this life or in akhirah.
4. --Our Hearts-- Wasted because they are empty from the love of Allah, and the feeling of longing to go to Him, and a feeling of peace and contentment. In it's place, our hearts are filled with something or someone else.
5. --Our Bodies-- Wasted because we don't use them in ibadah and service of Allah
6. --Our Love-- Our emotional love is misdirected, not towards Allah, but towards something/someone else.
7. --Our Time-- Wasted, not used properly, to compensate for that which has passed, by doing what is righteous to make up for past deeds
8. --Our Intellect-- Wasted on things that are not beneficial, that are detremental to society and the individual, not in contemplation or reflection.
9. --Our Service-- Wasted in service of someone who will not bring us closer to Allah, or benefit in dunyaa
10. --Our Dhikr-- Wasted, because it does not effect us or our hearts.

Symptoms Of the Heart's Sickness

Bismillahir*RaHmanir*RaHeem
"He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah (calmness and tranquillity)into the hearts of the believers, that they may grow more inFaith along with their (present) Faith. And to Allah belong thehosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is Ever Al-Knower,All-Wise." Al-Quran: Surah 48: Al-Fath ayat4.
Four-Symptoms Of the Heart's Sickness & Signs of Its Health
Bismillaahir-RaHmaanir-RaHeem*
The Signs of a Sick Heart**
A servant's heart may be ill, and seriously deteriorating, while he remains oblivious of itscondition. It may even die without him realising it. Thesymptoms of its sickness, or the signs of its death, are thatits owner is not aware of the harm that results from the damagecaused by wrong actions, and is unperturbed by his ignorance ofthe truth or by his false beliefs. Since the living heart experiences pain as a result of any ugliness that it encounters and through itsrecognising its ignorance of the truth (to a degree thatcorresponds to its level of awareness), it is capable ofrecognising the onset of decay-and the increase in the severityof the remedy that will be needed to stop it-but then sometimesit prefers to put up with the pain rather than undergo thearduous trial of the cure! Some of the many signs of the heart's sickness if its turning away from good foods to harmful ones, from goodremedies to shameful sickness. The healthy heart prefers whatis beneficial and healing to what is harmful and damaging; thesick heart prefers the opposite. The most beneficial sustenancefor the heart is faith and the best medicine is the Qur'an.
The Signs of a Healthy Heart
For the heart to be heality it should depart from this life and arrive in the next, and then settle there as ifit were one of its people; it only came to this life as apasser-by, taking whatever provisions it needed and thenreturning home. As the Prophet, may Allah bless him and granthim peace, said to Abdullah ibn Umar, "Be in this world as ifyou were a stranger or a passer-by."1 The More diseased theheart is, the more it desires this world; it dwells in it untilit becomes like one of its people. The healthy heart continues to trouble its owner until he returns to Allah, and is at peace with Him, and joinsHim, like a lover driven by compulsion who finally reaches hisbeloved. Besides his love for Him he needs no other, and afterinvoking Him no other invocations are needed. Serving Himprecludes the need to serve any other. If this heart misses its share of reciting the Qur'an and invoking Allah, or completing one of the prescribedacts of worship, then its owner suffers more distress than acautious man who suffers because of the loss of money or amissed opportunity to make it. It longs to serve, just as afamished person longs for food and drink. Yahya ibn Mu'adh said: "Whoever is pleased with serving Allah, everything will be pleased to serve him; andwhoever finds pleasure in contemplating Allah, all the peoplewill find pleasure in contemplating him." This heart has only one concern: that all its actions, and its inner thoughts and utterances, are obedient toAllah. It is more careful with its time than the meanest peopleare with their money, so that it will not be spent wastefully.When it enters into the prayer, all its worldly worries andanxieties vanish and it finds its comfort and bliss in adoringits Lord. It does not cease to mention Allah, nor tire ofserving Him, and it finds intimate company with no-one save aperson who guides it to Allah and reminds it to Him. Its attention to the correctness of its action is greater than its attention to the action itself. It isscrupulous in making sure that the intentions behind its actionsare sincere and pure and that they result in good deeds. As well as and in spite of all this, it not only testifies to the generosity of Allah in giving it theopportunity to carry out such actions, but also testifies to itsown imperfection and shortcomings in executing them.
The Causes of Sickness ofthe Heart
The temptations to which the heart is exposed are what cause its sickness. These are the temptations of desiresand fancies. The former cause intentions and the will to becorrupted, and the latter cause knowledge and belief to falter. Hudhayfa ibn al-Yamani, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "The Messenger of Allah *saaws* said, "Temptationsare presented to the heart, one by one. Any heart that acceptsthem will be left with a black stain, but any heart that rejectsthem will be left with a mark of purity, so that hearts are oftwo types: a dark heart that has turned away and becom like anoverturned vessel, and a pure heart that will never be harmed bytemptation for as long as the earth and the heavens exist. Thedark heart only recognises good and denounces evil when thissuits its desires and whims." 2 He, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, placed hearts, when exposed to temptation, into twocategories:::---->First, a heart which, when it is exposed to temptation,absorbs it like a sponge that soaks up water, leaving a blackstain in it. It continues to absorb each temptation that isoffered to it until it is darkened and corrupted, which is whathe meant by "like an overturned vessel". When this happens, twodangerous sicknesses take hold of it and plunge it into ruin: The first is that of its confusing good with evil, to such an extent that it does not recognise the former anddoes not denounce the latter. This sickness may even gain holdof it to such an extent that it believes good to be evil andvice-versa, the sunnah to be bida' and vice-versa, the truth tobe false and falsity to be the truth.
The second is that of its setting up its desires as its judge, over and above what the Prophet *saaws* taught,so that it is enslaved and led by its whims and fancies.----->Second, a pure heart which the light of faith is brightand from which its radiance shines. When temptation is presentedto pure hearts such this, they oppose it and reject it, and sotheir light and illumination only increase
Notes: 1. Al-Bukhari, Kitab ar-Riqaq, 11/233. 2. Muslim, Kitabal-Iman, 2/170 (with different wording). --------=-The Purification of the Soul-=--------------------- from the works of Ibn Rajab Al-Hanbabli, Ibn Al-Qayyim al-Jawziyaa, and Abu Hamid al-Ghazali~

Malaysia King and Queen since 1957 - present

1st Yang Dipertuan Agung ( H.M the King and Queen )31 AUGUST 1957 - 1 APRIL 1960)

the Yang Dipertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan

2nd H.M The King and Queen (14 APRIL 1960 – 1 SEPTEMBER 1960) The Sultan of Selangor

3rd H.M The King and Queen (21 September 1960 – 20 September 1965)The Raja of Perlis

4th H.M The King and Queen (21 September 1965 – 20 September 1970) THE SULTAN OF TERENGGANU

5th H.M The King and Queen (21 September 1970 – 20 September 1975) THE SULTAN OF KEDAH

6th H.M The King and Queen ( 21 September 1975 – 29 March 1979) THE SULTAN OF KELANTAN

7th H.M The King and Queen (26 April 1979 – 25 April 1984) THE SULTAN OF PAHANG

8th H.M The King and Queen (26 April 1984 – 25 April 1989) THE SULTAN OF JOHOR

9th H.M The King and Queen (26 April 1989 –25 April 1994) THE PADUKA SERI SULTAN OF PERAK

10th H.M The King and Queen (26 April 1994 – 25 April 1999) THE YANG DI-PERTUAN BESAR OF NEGERI SEMBILAN

11th H.M The King and Queen ( 26 April 1999 – 21 November 2001) THE SULTAN OF SELANGOR

12nd H.M The King and Queen (13 December 2001 – 12 December 2006) THE RAJA OF PERLIS

13th H.M The King and Queen (13 December 2006 - present ) THE SULTAN OF TERENGGANU

The Position Of The Yang di-Pertuan Agong

The Order of Precedence presently used is the twentieth Federal Order of Precedence. This order of precedence was gazetted and came into force on the 22nd January 1998 vide Government of Malaysia’s gazette Volume 42 No P.U. (B) 29 dated 22nd January 1998. It lists the 70 positions in the following order of precedence:
-Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
-Raja Permaisuri Agong.
-Rulers and Acting Rulers.
-Yang Dipertua Negeri.
-Former Raja Permaisuri Agong receiving Royal pension from the Federal Government.
-Prime Minister.
-Deputy Prime Minister. Courtesy – 7A. Heir Apparent (Tengku Mahkota/ Raja Muda).
-Members of the Darjah Utama Seri Mahkota Negara (D.M.N.).
-Members of the Seri Maharaja Mangku Negara (S.M.N.).
-Members of the Seri Setia Mahkota (S.S.M.) Courtesy — 10A. The Four Dato Undang of Negeri Sembilan and Tengku Besar Tampin, Negeri Sembilan.
-Chief Justice of the Federal Court.
-President of the Senate.
-Speaker of the House of Representatives.
-Former Prime Ministers.
-Former Deputy Prime Ministers.
-Members of the Cabinet.
-Secretary to the Cabinet Chief Secretary to the Government. Courtesy – 17A. Menteri Besar -and Chief Ministers.
-Attorney General.
-Chief of the Armed Forces Staff.
-Inspector-General of Police.
-Director-General of Public Services.
-Deputy Ministers.
-Deputy President of the Senate and Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives.
-High Commissioners, Ambassadors, Minister Envoys, Acting High Commissioners and Charge de’ Affaires.
-President of the Court of Appeal.
-Chief Judge of the High Court in Malaya.
-Chief Judge of the High Court in Sabah and Sarawak.
-Opposition Leader in Parliament.
-Judges of the Federal Court.
-Judges of the Court of Appeal.
-Parliamentary Secretary.
-Former Chief Secretary to the Government.
-Staff I, II and III officers.
-Former Attorney Generals, Former Chief of the Armed Forces Staff and Former Chief of the Inspector-General of Police.
-Chairman of Commissions established under the Federal Constitution.
-Judges of the High Court.
-Chairman of the Public Services Tribunal.
-Judicial Commissioners.
-Auditor General.
-Governor of Bank Negara.
-Mayor of Kuala Lumpur.
-Chairman of the Government Official Function.
-Mufti of the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur.
-Keeper of the Rulers’ Seal.
-Grand Chamberlain.
-Members of the Panglima Mangku Negara (P.M.N.).
-Members of the Panglima Setia Mahkota (P.S.M.).
-Royal Professors.
-Members of the Panglima Jasa Negara. (P.J.N.)
-Members of the Panglima Setia DiRaja (P.S.D.) Courtesy - 50A. Deputy Menteri Besar/Deputy -Chief Ministers. Courtesy - 50B. Speaker of the State Legislative Assemblies.
-Members of the Senate.
-Members of the House of Representatives.
-Grade ‘A’ Officers and Military and Police officers of equivalent rank.
-Chief of General Staff.
-Chief of Naval Staff.
-Chief of Air Staff.
-Deputy Inspector-General of Police.
-Secretary-Generals of Ministries.
-Vice-Chancellors of Universities. Courtesy - 59A. Members of the State Executive Councils and State Ministers in Sabah/Sarawak.
-Grade ‘B’ officers and Military and Police officers of equivalent rank.
-Chairman of Federal Statutory Bodies and Heads of Federal Statutory Bodies equivalent to Grade ‘B’ and above. Courtesy - 61A. Recipients of National Fellowship awards.
-Local Representatives of the United Nations.
-Grade ‘C’ officers, Military and Police officers and Heads of Federal Statutory Bodies of equivalent rank. Courtesy—63A. Members of the State Legislative Assemblies.
-Members of the Johan Mangku Negara (J.M.N.).
-Members of the Johan Setia Mahkota (J.S.M.).
-Members of the Johan Setia DiRaja (J.S.D.).
-Grade 1 officers, Military and Police officers and Heads of Federal Statutory Bodies of equivalent rank.
-Political Secretaries.
-Grade II officers and Military and Police services officers of equivalent rank.
-Consul-General of countries not having diplomatic representation in Malaysia.

Other Important Duties Of The Yang di-Pertuan Agong
Supreme Commander of the Armed ForcesHis Majesty the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the Supreme Commander Of the Armed Forces as provided for in Article 41 as follows:
"41. Supreme command of the armed forces.

The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be the Supreme Commander of the armed forces of the Federation."
Power of Pardon

The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is also seen as the fountain of mercy. He is vested with the power to grant pardons and reprieves in respect of offences triable by court-martial and all offences committed in the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Labuan. This is provided for in Article 42 of the Federal Constitution as follows:
"42. Power of Pardon, etc.

(1) The Yang di-Pertuan Agong has power to grant pardons, reprieves and respites in respect of all offences which have been tried by court-martial and all offences committed in the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya; and the Ruler or Governor of a State has power to grant pardons, reprieves and respites in respect of all other offences committed in his State."
(2) Subject to Clause (10), and without prejudice to any provision of federal law relating to remission of sentences for good conduct or special services, any power conferred by federal or State law to remit, suspend or commute sentences for any offence shall be exercisable by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong if the sentence was passed by a court-martial or by a civil court exercising jurisdiction in the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya and in any other case shall be exercisable by the Ruler or Governor of the State in which the offence was committed.
(3) Where an offence was committed wholly or partly outside the Federation or in more than one State or in circumstances which make it doubtful where it was committed, it shall be treated for the purposes of this Article as having been committed in the State in which it was tried. For the purpose of this Clause the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, the Federal Territory of Labuan and the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, as the case may be, shall each be regarded as a State.
(4) The powers mentioned in this Article:
(a) are, so far as they are exercisable by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, among functions with respect to which federal law may make provision under Clause (3) of Article 40;(b) shall, so far as they are exercisable by the Ruler or Governor of a State, be exercised on the advice of a Pardons Board constituted for that State in accordance with Clause (5).
(5) The Pardons Board constituted for each State shall consist of the Attorney General of the Federation, the Chief Minister of the State and not more than three other members, who shall be appointed by the Ruler or the Governor but the Attorney General may from time to time by instrument in writing delegate his functions as a member of the Board to any other person, and the Ruler or Governor may appoint any person to exercise temporarily the functions of any member of the Board appointed by him who is absent or unable to act.
(6) The members of a Pardons Board appointed by the Ruler or Governor shall be appointed for a term of three years and shall be eligible for reappointment, but may at any time resign from the Board.
(7) A member of the Legislative Assembly of a State or of the House of Representatives shall not be appointed by the Ruler or Governor to be a member of a Pardons Board or to exercise temporarily the functions of such a member.
(8) The Pardons Board shall meet in the presence of the Ruler or Governor and he shall preside over it.
(9) Before tendering their advice on any matter a Pardons Board shall consider any written opinion which the Attorney General may have delivered thereon.
(10) Notwithstanding anything in this Article, the power to grant pardons, reprieves and respites in respect of, or to remit, suspend or commute sentences imposed by any court established under any law regulating Islamic religious affairs in the State of Malacca, Penang, Sabah or Sarawak or the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya shall be exercisable by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as Head of the religion of Islam in the State.
(11) For the purpose of this Article, there shall be constituted a single Pardons Board for the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya and the provisions of Clauses (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Pardons Board under this Clause except that reference to “Ruler or Yang di-Pertua Negeri” shall be construed as reference to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and reference to “Chief Minister of the State” shall be construed as reference to the Minister responsible for the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya.
(12) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Constitution, where the powers mentioned in this Article:
(a) are exercisable by the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of a State and are to be exercised in respect of himself or his wife, son or daughter, such powers shall be exercised by the Yang di- Pertuan Agong acting on the advice of the Pardons Board constituted for that State under this Article and which shall be presided over by him;

(b) are to be exercised in respect of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the Ruler of a State, or his Consort, as the case may be, such powers shall be exercised by the Conference of Rulers and the following provisions shall apply:
(i) when attending any proceedings under this Clause, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall not be accompanied by the Prime Minister and the other Rulers shall not be accompanied by their Menteri-Menteri Besar;(ii) before arriving at its decision on any matter under this Clause, the Conference of Rulers shall consider any written opinion which the Attorney General may have delivered thereon;
(c) are to be exercised by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or the Ruler of a State in respect of his son or daughter, as the case may be, such powers shall be exercised by the Ruler of a State nominated by the Conference of Rulers who shall act in accordance with the advice of the relevant Pardons Board constituted under this Article.
(13) For the purpose of paragraphs (b) and (c) of Clause (12), the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or the Ruler of the States concerned, as the case may be, and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri shall not be members of the Conference of Rulers.
The Special Position of the Malays and Natives of Sabah and Sarawak

One of the important duties of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is to safeguard the special position of the Malays and natives of Sabah and Sarawak. This is clearly stated in Article 153 (1) of the Federal Constitution as follows:
"153. Reservation of quotas in respect of services, permits etc.,

for Malays and natives of any of the States of Sabah and Sarawak.(1) It shall be the responsibility of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to safeguard the special position of the Malays and natives of any of the States of Sabah and Sarawak and the legitimate interests of other communities in accordance with the provisions of this Article.”
Symbol of Honour and Dignity

His Majesty the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is seen as the symbol of honour and dignity. He confers awards and honours on citizens and non-citizens, and honours of the highest distinction on foreign heads of states during the investiture ceremony held in conjunction with His Majesty’s birthday.
Diplomatic Functions

As the Head of State the Yang di-Pertuan Agong appoints diplomats to serve in foreign countries and grants audience to foreign diplomats who are to serve in Malaysia before undertaking their duties.
Apart from performing his day-to-day functions and duties His Majesty also graces various social gatherings and official ceremonies.

Malaysia Monarchy

His Majesty Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin signing Letter of Oath at the Oath Taking Ceremony as the 13th Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 13 December 2006.

HEAD OF STATE AND RULERS OF THE STATES

The office of the King is not hereditary. Malaysia practices a system of government based on Constitutional Monarchy and Parliamentary Democracy at two levels, Federal and State levels. At the Federal level the head of State is the King and the head of government is the Prime Minister. At the state level the head (Ruler) of State is either the Sultan, Raja, or Yang di-Pertuan Besar, and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri is the head of State where there are no Rulers: the Chief Ministers (Menteri Besar/Ketua Menteri) are the heads of government.

CONFERENCE OF RULERS

In accordance with the Malaysian Constitution, the power to elect and appoint the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is vested with the Conference of Rulers. In the federation system of government (as practiced in Malaysia) where a number of state Rulers are involved, a council known as the Conference of Rulers, was instituted under Article 38 of the Federal Constitution to serve as a forum for the Rulers and Governors (Yang Dipertua Negeri) to meet and deliberate. On certain matters the Federal Constitution provides that the government seek advice from the Conference of Rulers.

GOVERNMENT’S ADVICE

The monarchy is seen as a symbol of power, authority, and government. It is embodiment of strength, protection and justice for the people and personifies their love and loyalty towards the country. In countries, which practice parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy, the power of the people is conveyed through Parliament which in turn delegates its executive power to the Cabinet. In Malaysia, whatever action is taken by an authority is executed in the name of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong who acts on the advice of the Government.

His Majesty Seri Paduka Baginda Al-Wathiqu Billah Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah is holding the official keris at the Installation Ceremony of the XIII Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 26 April 2007 at the Istana Negara.

Article 32(1) of the Federal Constitution provides that there shall be a Supreme Head of the Federation to be called the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. His Majesty shall take precedence over all persons in the Federation and shall not be liable to any proceedings whatsoever in any court except in the Special Court established under Part XV (Articles 182 and 183). The Constitution also provides that the Raja Permaisuri Agong shall take precedence next after the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. As the Head of State, His Majesty has wide powers as provided for in the Constitution. His Majesty has the prescribed roles and functions in the three branches of government, namely, the Executive, the Legislative and the Judiciary.

The Status Of The Yang di-Pertuan Agong and Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong Under Malaysian Constitution

His Majesty Seri Paduka Baginda Al-Wathiqu Billah Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah kissing the Holy Quran in conjunction with his installation as the XIII Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 26 April 2007 at the Istana Negara.

Article 32 of the Federal Constitution provides the status of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and Raja Permaisuri Agong as follows:
"32. Supreme Head of the Federation, and his Consort
(1) There shall be a Supreme Head of the Federation, to be called the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, who shall take precedence over all persons in the Federation and shall not be liable to any proceedings in any court except in the Special Court established under Part XV.

(2) The Consort of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (to be called the Raja Permaisuri Agong) shall take precedence next after the Yang di-Pertuan Agong over all other persons in the Federation .

(3) The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be elected by the Conference of Rulers for a term of five years, but may at any time resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Conference of Rulers or shall be removed from office by the Conference of Rulers, and shall cease to hold office on ceasing to be a Ruler.

(4) The provisions of Part I and III of the Third Schedule shall apply to the election and removal of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong".
Article 33 of the Federal Constitution provides for the status of the Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong as follows:

"33. Deputy Supreme Head of the Federation
(1) There shall be a Deputy Supreme Head of the Federation (to be called the Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong) who shall exercise the functions and have the privileges of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong during any vacancy in the office of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and during any period during which the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is unable to exercise the functions of his office owing to illness, absence from the Federation or any other cause, but the Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall not exercise these functions during any inability or absence of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong which is expected to be less than fifteen days, unless the Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient to exercise such functions.
(2) The Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be elected by the Conference of Rulers for a term of five years, or if elected during the term for which the Yang di-Pertuan Agong was elected, for the remainder of that term, but may at any time resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Conference of Rulers and shall cease to hold office on ceasing to be a Ruler.
(3) If during the term for which the Timblan Yang di-Pertuan Agong was elected a vacancy occurs in the office of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, his term shall expire on the cessation of the vacancy.
(4) The provisions of Part II of the Third Schedule shall apply to the election of the Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
(5) Parliament may by law provide for the exercise by a Ruler of the functions of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong in cases where those functions would under Clause (1) fall to be exercised by the Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong but cannot be so exercised owing to a vacancy in the office of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or to his illness, absence from the Federation or to any other cause; but such a law shall not be passed without the consent of the Conference of Rulers.

Human Rights In Various Regions

It has been over 50 years since the United Nations (UN) Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed by most governments in the world and yet the abuses continue to grow.
Freedom of Speech and Human Rights are taken for granted in the west, but recent years have seen conditions deteriorate around the world. As early as 1997 for example, Human Rights conditions were reported to remain unchanged compared to previous years, or in some countries, actually worsen, around the world. In 1998 for example, the UN reported that even though over a hundred governments had agreed to help outlaw some of the worse violations of rights, torture was still on the increase.
As the “New World Order” marched on towards the new century it did not look as bright and cheerful for most people as we would have imagined, or hoped, it to be.
With the war on terror triggered by the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001, the situation for human rights seems to have deteriorated, with not only terrorists committing human rights violations, but also powerful governments who are sacrificing rights for security. Amnesty International, in its 2004 report noted the set back for international values of human rights:

Violence by armed groups and increasing violations by governments have
combined to produce the most sustained attack on human rights and international
humanitarian law in 50 years. This was leading to a world of growing mistrust,
fear and division.
… Amnesty International strongly condemned armed groups
responsible for atrocities [representing] a significant new threat to
international justice…. “But it is also frightening that the principles of
international law and the tools of multilateral action which could protect us
from these attacks are being undermined, marginalized or destroyed by powerful
governments, ” said Irene Khan [Secretary General of Amnesty
International].
“Governments are losing their moral compass, sacrificing the
global values of human rights in a blind pursuit of security. This failure of
leadership is a dangerous concession to armed groups.”
…The “war on terror”
and the war in Iraq has encouraged a new wave of human rights abuse and diverted
attention from old ones … while many governments are openly pursuing repressive agendas.
“While governments have been obsessed with the threat of weapons of
mass destruction in Iraq, they have allowed the real weapons of mass
destruction—injustice and impunity, poverty, discrimination and racism, the
uncontrolled trade in small arms, violence against women and abuse of
children—to go unaddressed,” said Irene Khan.

— Report 2004: War on global values, Amnesty International, May 26, 2004 (Link is to reposted version on this site)
There are so many examples of various countries, corporations and institutions violating human rights. Some are contributing to suppressing rights in other countries. Others are ignoring the plight of people in other countries whose rights are denied due to their own economic and political interests in those other countries.
Human rights include a variety of aspects, from civil and political rights, to socio-economic rights. (Interestingly, as the Human Development Report 2000 from the United Nations points out, during the Cold War, the rich western nations were arguing basically for civil and political rights, while the socialist countries, and some developing countries, were demanding more social and economic rights. Human rights then, was a propaganda tool with both sides using the same words, but for different reasons.)

The Positive Way

We have been advised in the Qur’an that goodness and evil are not equal. Therefore we should return good for evil (41:34). This has been expressed repeatedly in the Qur’an in different wording.
This means that believers should always react positively. At all events they should refrain from negative reaction. Their behavior should be proper, not only in normal circumstances, but also in abnormal circumstances. That is, even when any group displays bad behavior, it is still incumbent on the believers not to display a retaliatory mentality. At that moment, too, they should prove to be men of principle. They should maintain their good behavior, even in the face of bad behavior from others.
Interpreting this verse, Abdullah ibn Abbas comments: ‘God has commanded Muslims in this verse, even when they are angered, to resort to patience and tolerance. Whenever anyone shows any signs of ignorance or a biased mentality, believers should adopt the path of tolerance and fortitude. And whenever anyone displays bad behavior, believers should forgive him.
This Islamic course of action may be described as positive behavior. That is, opting for moderation instead of retaliation. Whatever the attitude of others may be, believers should always remain true to the highest Islamic standards of human character.
A believer is one who begins to lead his life in accordance with the higher realities; the level of whose thinking is above that of ordinary human beings. Such a person comes to have a limitless capacity for tolerance. His inner-self is so deeply immersed that in peace, no outward event can disturb his emotional balance. He takes pity on those who are easily angered. Where ordinary people become provoked, he remains blissfully serene.

Respect for Humanity

God tells us in the Qur’an: "We have indeed honored the Children of Adam, and provided for them means of transportation on land and sea, and given them wholesome food and exalted them high above the greater part of Our creation" (17:70).
This shows that man by his very creation deserves regard and respect. This respect is man’s natural birthright, regardless of which community he belongs to.
According to a Hadith: "That person is not one of us who is not merciful to our juniors and respectful to our elders." According to another hadith the Prophet Muhammad said, "One who believes in Allah and the Last Day must honor his neighbors; one who believes in God and the Last Day must honor his guests."
There are a number of such commands to the believers in the Qur’an and the Hadith which lay great stress on showing due respect to the servants of God. For this is an important area in which we are actually being tested on our faith in God. Our love and devotion for God finds expression in this world in the form of our relations with other human beings. One who is a true lover of God has an inner urge to love God’s servants.
Respect for humankind is one of the basic teachings of Islam. Anyone, be he of one’s own religion or of any other religious tradition, whether he belongs to one community or another; whether he belongs to friendly group or enemy group, in all cases is worthy of respect. According to the teachings of Islam human beings are to be respected, despite their differences. Even where antagonism is displayed, we have to adopt the way of avoidance of conflict and continue to show respectful behavior. In the eyes of Islam all human beings are equal and deserve our respect.

learn a languages

GOOD MORNING :

• 
  Chinese: zǎo shang hǎo, 早上好, 早上好
  Dutch : goeiemorgen, goedemorgen
  German : guten morgen
  Malay : selamat pagi
  Serbian : dobro jutro

GOOD EVENING :

• 
  Dutch : goeienavond, goedenavond
  German : guten abend
  Japanese : konbanha, こんばんは, 今晩は

What couses cancer ما هي العوامل التي تسبّب السرطان؟

ينشأ السرطان من خلية واحدة. ويتم تحوّل الخلية الطبيعية إلى خلية ورمية في مراحل متعدّدة، وعادة ما يتم ذلك التحوّل من آفة محتملة التسرطن إلى أورام خبيثة. وهذه التغيّرات ناجمة عن التفاعل بين عوامل الفرد الجينية وثلاث فئات من العوامل الخارجية يمكن تصنيفها كالتالي:
العوامل المادية المسرطنة ، مثل الأشعة فوق البنفسجية والأشعة المؤيّّنة؛
العوامل الكيميائية المسرطنة، مثل الأسبست ومكوّنات دخان التبغ والأفلاتوكسين (أحد الملوّثات الغذائية) والأرسنيك (أحد ملوّثات مياه الشرب)؛
العوامل البيولوجية المسرطنة، مثل أنواع العدوى الناجمة عن بعض الفيروسات أو الجراثيم أو الطفيليات.
وفيما يلي بعض الأمثلة على أنواع العدوى المرتبطة ببعض السرطانات:
الفيروسات: فيروس التهاب الكبد B وسرطان الكبد، وفيروس الورم الحليمي البشري وسرطان عنق الرحم، وفيروس العوز المناعي البشري وساركومة كابوزي؛
الجراثيم: الملويّة البوابية وسرطان المعدة؛
الطفيليات: داء البلهارسيات وسرطان المثانة.
ويُعد التشيّخ من العوامل الأساسية الأخرى التي تسهم في تطوّر السرطان. وتزيد نسبة وقوع السرطان بشكل كبير مع التقدّم في السن وذلك يعود، على الأرجح، إلى زيادة مخاطر الإصابة بسرطانات معيّنة مع التشيّخ. وتراكم مخاطر الإصابة بالسرطان يتم إلى جانب انخفاض فعالية آليات التصليح الخلوي كلّما تقدم الشخص في السن.
والجدير بالذكر أنّ تعاطي التبغ والكحول وتناول الخضر والفواكه بكمية قليلة والإصابة بفيروسي التهاب الكبد B و C وفيروس الورم الحليمي البشري من عوامل الاختطار الرئيسية التي تقف وراء الإصابة بالسرطان في البلدان المنخفضة الدخل والبلدان المتوسطة الدخل. كما أنّ سرطان عنق الرحم الناجم عن فيروس الورم الحليمي البشري من أهمّ أسباب وفاة النساء جرّاء السرطان في البلدان المنخفضة الدخل.
ومن الأسباب الأوّلية للإصابة بالسرطان في البلدان المرتفعة الدخل تعاطي التبغ والكحول وفرط الوزن والسمنة

Cancer arises from one single cell. The transformation from a normal cell into a tumour cell is a multistage process, typically a progression from a pre-cancerous lesion to malignant tumours. These changes are the result of the interaction between a person's genetic factors and three categories of external agents, including:
physical carcinogens, such as ultraviolet and ionizing radiation
chemical carcinogens, such as asbestos, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (a food contaminant) and arsenic (a drinking water contaminant)
biological carcinogens, such as infections from certain viruses, bacteria or parasites.
Some examples of infections associated with certain cancers:
Viruses: hepatitis B and liver cancer, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cervical cancer, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Kaposi sarcoma.
Bacteria: Helicobacter pylori and stomach cancer.
Parasites: schistosomiasis and bladder cancer.
Ageing is another fundamental factor for the development of cancer. The incidence of cancer rises dramatically with age, most likely due to a buildup of risks for specific cancers that increase with age. The overall risk accumulation is combined with the tendency for cellular repair mechanisms to be less effective as a person grows older.
Tobacco use, alcohol use, low fruit and vegetable intake, and chronic infections from hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and some types of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) are leading risk factors for cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Cervical cancer, which is caused by HPV, is a leading cause of cancer death among women in low-income countries.
In high-income countries, tobacco use, alcohol use, and being overweight or obese are major risk factors for cancer.

السرطان (cancer)

الحقائق الرئيسية

السرطان من أهمّ أسباب الوفاة في جميع أرجاء العالم، فقد تسبّب هذا المرض في وفاة 4ر7 مليون نسمة (نحو 13% من مجموع الوفيات) في عام 2004؛
تقف السرطانات التي تصيب الرئة والمعدة والكبد والقولون والثدي وراء معظم وفيات السرطان التي تحدث كل عام؛
هناك اختلاف بين الرجال والنساء فيما يخص الإصابة بأكثر أنواع السرطان شيوعاً؛
يمكن توقي نحو 30% من وفيات السرطان؛
يمثّل تعاطي التبغ أهمّ عوامل الاختطار المؤدية إلى الإصابة بالسرطان؛
يحدث السرطان جرّاء تغيّر يطرأ على خلية واحدة. ويمكن أن يبدأ تطوّر السرطان بتأثير العوامل الخارجية والعوامل الجينية الموروثة.
السرطان مصطلح عام يشمل مجموعة من الأمراض يمكنها أن تصيب كل أجزاء الجسم. ويُشار إلى تلك الأمراض أيضاً بالأورام والأورام الخبيثة. ومن السمات التي تطبع السرطان التولّد السريع لخلايا شاذة يمكنها النمو خارج حدودها المعروفة واقتحام أجزاء الجسد المتلاصقة والانتشار إلى أعضاء أخرى، ويُطلق على تلك الظاهرة اسم النقيلة. والجدير بالذكر أنّ النقائل تمُثّل أهمّ أسباب الوفاة من جرّاء السرطان

عبء السرطان العالمي

السرطان من أهمّ أسباب الوفاة في جميع أرجاء العالم، فقد تسبّب هذا المرض في وفاة 9ر7 مليون نسمة (نحو 13% من مجموع الوفيات) في عام 2007. ومجمل وفيات السرطان التي تحدث كل عام مردّها أشكال المرض الرئيسية التالية:
سرطان الرئة (4ر1 مليون حالة وفاة في السنة)
سرطان المعدة (866000 حالة وفاة في السنة)
سرطان الكبد ( 653000 حالة وفاة في السنة)
سرطان القولون (677000 حالة وفاة في السنة)
سرطان الثدي (548000 حالة وفاة في السنة)

وحدثت نحو 72% من مجمل وفيات السرطان، في عام 2007، في البلدان المنخفضة الدخل والبلدان المتوسطة الدخل. ومن المتوقّع أن يتواصل ارتفاع عدد الوفيات الناجمة عن السرطان على الصعيد العالمي، فالتقديرات تشير إلى أنّها ستبلغ 12 مليون حالة في عام 2030.
وأكثر أنواع السرطان انتشاراً في شتى أرجاء العالم (حسب عدد الوفيات التي تحدث على الصعيد العالمي) هي:
بين الرجال: سرطان الرئة وسرطان المعدة وسرطان الكبد والسرطان القولوني المستقيمي وسرطان المريء وسرطان البروستاتة.
بين النساء: سرطان الثدي وسرطان الرئة وسرطان المعدة والسرطان القولوني المستقيمي وسرطان عنق الرحم

Key Facts

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide: it accounted for 7.4 million deaths (around 13% of all deaths) in 2004.
Lung, stomach, liver, colon and breast cancer cause the most cancer deaths each year.
The most frequent types of cancer differ between men and women.
More than 30% of cancer deaths can be prevented.1
Tobacco use is the single most important risk factor for cancer.
Cancer arises from a change in one single cell. The change may be started by external agents and inherited genetic factors.
Deaths from cancer worldwide are projected to continue rising, with an estimated 12 million deaths in 2030.
Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases that can affect any part of the body. Other terms used are malignant tumours and neoplasms. One defining feature of cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries, and which can then invade adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs. This process is referred to as metastasis. Metastases are the major cause of death from cancer.
Global burden of cancer
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The disease accounted for 7.4 million deaths (or around 13% of all deaths worldwide) in 2004. The main types of cancer leading to overall cancer mortality each year are:
lung (1.3 million deaths/year)
stomach (803 000 deaths)
colorectal (639 000 deaths)
liver (610 000 deaths)
breast (519 000 deaths).
More than 70% of all cancer deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Deaths from cancer worldwide are projected to continue rising, with an estimated 12 million deaths in 2030.
The most frequent types of cancer worldwide (in order of the number of global deaths) are:
Among men - lung, stomach, liver, colorectal, oesophagus and prostate
Among women - breast, lung, stomach, colorectal and cervical.

Air quality and health

Key facts

Air pollution is a major environmental risk to health and is estimated to cause approximately 2 million premature deaths worldwide per year.
Exposure to air pollutants is largely beyond the control of individuals and requires action by public authorities at the national, regional and even international levels.
The WHO Air quality guidelines represent the most widely agreed and up-to-date assessment of health effects of air pollution, recommending targets for air quality at which the health risks are significantly reduced.
By reducing particulate matter (PM10) pollution from 70 to 20 micrograms per cubic metre, we can cut air quality related deaths by around 15%.
By reducing air pollution levels, we can help countries reduce the global burden of disease from respiratory infections, heart disease, and lung cancer.
The WHO guidelines provide interim targets for countries that still have very high levels of air pollution to encourage the gradual cutting down of emissions. These interim targets are: a maximum of three days a year with up to 150 micrograms of PM10 per cubic metre (for short term peaks of air pollution), and 70 micrograms per cubic metre for long term exposures to PM10.
More than half of the burden from air pollution on human health is borne by people in developing countries. In many cities, the average annual levels of PM10(the main source of which is the burning of fossil fuels) exceed 70 micrograms per cubic metre. The guidelines say that, to prevent ill health, those levels should be lower than 20 micrograms per cubic metre.

my aidilfitri celebration

Resepi kek coklat yang simple

Kek coklat kukus ( Simple choclate cake recipi)

Bahan-Bahan:
1 cawan serbuk koko
1cawan gula pasir
1 cawan susu cair
1cawan minyak masak
½ cawan susu manis1
¼ cawan tepung gandum
1tsp baking powder
1 tsp soda bicarbonate
3 biji telur
Cara :Campur koko,gula,susu cair,susu manis dan minyak ke dlm periuk dan masak sebentar atas api kecil sehingga semua larut.Tepung,soda dan baking powder di ayak satu. Telur dipukul kembang dan dicampur dng campuran koko tadi.Gaul rata dan capur tepung. Gaul sebati dan tuang dalam acuan dan jangan sampai penuh sebab nanti adunan naik. Tutup acuan dng aluminium foil agar tidak masuk wap.Kukus salama 1 jam baru angkat dan sejuk kan .

Topping Coklat

BAHAN CREAM COKLAT:
250 gm cooking coklat 1 sudu besar majerin
1/2 cawan fresh cream/whipping cream
Cara: 1. Cairkan cooking coklat secara double-boil.
2. Angkat dari air panas tadi dan masukkan fresh cream/whipping cream dan majerin dan kacau sehingga sebati.
3. Tuangkan atas kek dan hiaslah mengikut citarasa sendiri

Fishing trip

one of the most fishing trip i had....with my brother and my "boss"...spend a whole day at strait of malacca...not far from Sungai Limau,Yan, Kedah...if anybody interested to be part of my fishing group...dont be shy...just feel free to cantact via email...
we using a fisherman boat, rowing around 2 islands there...nice island with colourful coral and nice fishes swiming around you...you will excited if going there...
it nice going there in the middle of the year....avoid a monsun storm and it was a seasons for cacth a huge fishs.....try it....you never dissapointed..........

Islamic Articles

translate from Sayyid Mujtaba Musawi Lari



The Mainspring of Inner Peace



The Stormy Sea of Life



Life is like a restless sea, full of wonders and always in a state of perpetual turmoil caused by the waves of events. No one is secure from the violent waves on the surface of this deep ocean. Pleasure and pain in this world, like positive and negative forces in nature, together perform their function everywhere. Opposed to joy and delight are grief and sadness and opposed to youth and vitality are old age and weakness. Everyone who is alive must bear the burden of affliction and suffering. Everyone who sets out on this sea is bound to be drenched by its waters and encounter in the course of his life a series of unpleasant and painful events: failure, privation, the death of dear ones and many other afflictions of the kind. Who is it that has remained unscathed by the arrows of time and secure from the tempests of events? The type of hardships and calamities, it is true, is different in every age, but the universal principle of hardship and suffering is intertwined with man's life in all its stages.

Certainly, the means of comfort and welfare have never been so within man's reach in any era of history to the extent they are accessible today. Similarly, he has never attain the knowledge of nature's complex mysteries that he possesses today and been never so successful in subduing nature's unfriendly elements to the extent of today. In the shadow of science and with the power of technology, the civilized human being has overcome many of his difficulties by employing nature's various forces to his benefit.

However, despite these remarkable advancements in science and its brilliant achievements, and in spite of possessing all the different means essential for a better life, man today not only does not possess the feeling of mental peace and security that are basic for a happy life, he is drifting further away from the goal of a pleasant and wholesome life. From the viewpoint of peace and happiness, the future prospects of this materialistic life of today are not promising.

It cannot be denied that in most advanced societies psychological stress and anxiety have constantly increased in direct proportion to scientific, industrial, and economic progress and with the expansion of civic amenities and affluence. With the increase in psychic problems, the corresponding increase in the number of psychotherapists and psychiatrists has not at all helped to meet the situation.

Dr. Schneider writes:

What is it that has a greater share of human misery than anything else? I can answer this question in my capacity as a physician. It is a chronic disease. It will frighten you somewhat if you think about it. For out of a thousand kinds of diseases to which the human constitution is prone, one of them is as prevalent as the remaining nine hundred and ninety-nine of them. In the United States of America, fifty percent of those who go to see a physician suffer from this illness. Some claim that the figure is even higher than fifty percent.

At the Oxis Clinic (?) in New Orleans a report was prepared about five hundred patients who had consecutively made a call to that place. It revealed that seventy-five percent of them suffered from this illness. A person could be affected by it irrespective of his age and the stage of his life. Moreover, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease are terribly expensive.

I will hasten to refrain from mentioning its name, for that may lead you to a misunderstanding. Its first characteristic is that it is not a real disease. Traditionally it was referred to as 'mental illness' and now they call it psychosomatic disorder. It is not an illness in the sense that the sick person should really consider himself to be ill. But the suffering that one undergoes as a result of it is as severe as the spasms of pain due to biliary colic.

Psychosomatic illness is not something produced by bacteria, virus, or an unnatural growth of bodily tissue, but is something caused by the conditions of daily life. Whenever someone is enclosed within a thick and impenetrable shell of anxieties, worries and problems from which he cannot emerge into the world of joy and peace, we consider him as suffering from psychosomatic illness.[1]

Freud says:

The primitive man satisfied his desires in a better way than the civilized man. His life was free from mental anxieties and cares, and he did not suffer from psychic ailments. But since the advent of civilization, industry and urbanization, man came to suffer from serious mental illnesses.[2]

Save the earth program

The Save the Earth program functions as a non-profit public benefit corporation dedicated to the expansion of environmental awareness in our society. As an responsable individual committed to raising public environmental consciousness by supporting all the organisations and educational programs, i am optimistic that our work will have a very positive impact on the efforts currently under way to solve our earth's problems.
The Save the Earth program embraces overall objectives which include: enhancing the quality of our global environment for the benefit of all people and promoting a better understanding of the effects our society has on the long term health of our planet.

I hopr you can be with me and support my ambitions to see our planet being a wonderful place to live and all human being and life thing live peacefully in the circle of life.....

Rebalancing Life

Author: John Nickson (2006)

This article is produced because I don’t believe that the Kyoto Protocol goes far enough to adjust the problems we face today. Although the aim is to reduce pollution and greenhouse gases, I feel that it is too little, too ineffective, and will take too long.

If any of the politicians and world leaders are interested in combating the effects of global warming and climate change the major threats we face today, then there is a real need for them to change the strategies that are in use at present. Reducing greenhouse gas levels and pollution although will help; the overall problem is far greater. I am about to propose a theory that I believe will become self evident to all, of its possibility of success.

Studies of geology suggest 600 million years ago the earth was completely covered in ice, the snowball theory. Other theories suggest that the sun is heating up over time, causing the earth to warm correspondingly and will eventually end up similar to Mars.

Conclusions indicate global warming and climate change have persisted for some time. 200 million years ago dinosaurs were the dominant population species of the world. They lived in the warmer climates; they were migrational feeders and consumed vast quantities of food. The main reason species become migrational feeders, is the lack of food to support them in one place. This would suggest that over-grassing of the central part of their domain existed. This causes a spiralling effect as the search for food goes on; in its wake, areas of land are left devastated. Unable to repair itself as the destruction migrates out-wards from the centre along with the feeding. Land left open in this way leads to a heating of the localised climate, thus effecting weather conditions for that area, reducing its ability to retain water. This will ultimately lead to the beginnings of desert conditions. As this progresses through the passages of time, new species replace the old ones, mammals become the dominant species, and again, unable to feed on barren land they too become migrational feeders. We still see this today in Africa’s wildlife Archaeology and such like, proves to us today that the world is not as it was.

Plants did exist in areas we now call desert. Rivers did exist to feed the land. Although some of the destruction will have been caused by other processes, volcano’s, earthquakes etc., wind and rain erosion, sun spot activity, the effect of life on the planet seems to cause more destruction than these other processes. If we discount global warming as a natural phenomenon, and the ice is not receding at the poles to the levels seen today, or the deep depth’s of our oceans getting warmer, then where are the prehistoric fish that were thought to be extinct, coming from? Man; probably the biggest destroyer of all comes on to the scene.

Ripping down rainforest for wood, clearing areas for food growth and building pyramids, harvesting natural resources, all these things have a significant effect on our planet. All this destruction on our planet, results in higher temperatures arising from the deforestation, less oxygen, less ability to burn carbons, the result: pollution. Weather-people talk weather.Pollution-experts talk pollution.Charities talk aid.Over the past few years I have spent some time watching television programmes, along with reading encyclopaedia and other general media forms from different sources. These articles range from a variety of different subjects related to different topics space, dinosaurs, and ancient civilisations to name a few. I profess that I have no qualifications in any science. So any understanding of such subjects has come from these sources. I am not claming to have any answers, more likely looking for them; the conclusions I have drawn have led me to believe: Climate change. The general weather conditions prevailing in any area over a long period.

Now if my understanding is correct. The earth orbits the sun every 365.4days, it also rotates on it axis 24 hours, it also wobbles, gyrates off-centre, this is due to the speed of rotation slowing down, much the same as a spinning top. This must therefore create a climate change pattern of considerable influence over a period of time, enough to cause global effects on weather, currents such as the Gulf Stream to change, ice caps to melt or expand. No matter what we do, it is impossible to us to have any effect on this natural phenomenon. If this was the only cause. If the earth were symmetrical, the surface of the oceans would be warmest at the equator. However, surveys show that the highest temperatures occur a few degrees north of the equator. One explanation is that most of the world’s sea water lies in the southern hemisphere. Only 19 per-cent is land. As land heats faster than water, continents of the northern hemisphere make the surrounding seas warmer than those in the southern hemisphere. A computer simulation of sea surface temperatures clearly shows the warm band of water (coloured red D1.) that stretches across equatorial seas. In the pacific it can be seen to be breaking up into eddies. Models like this have been used to predict shifts in major currents. Such as the Gulf Stream. There are several areas throughout the world that can be identified as once having a healthy environment for habitation but for some reason has changed.

The Australian desert has dinosaur footprints found in sand, frozen in time, as it must have been just after the last time it rained there, lets come a little more up to date Egypt 5,000 or so years ago and lets not argue specifics. How much devastation must the ancient Egyptians has caused building the pyramids. We know that several rivers used to run into the Nile, and there is evidence to prove this. If we look at their perceived technology, they must have devastated thousands of acres of land digging for minerals (gold etc.) consumed in mass quantity and to build a pyramid tonnes of stone cut out of the earth, all the top soil that had to be removed had to go some where, left to dry in sun hundreds of square metres of dust blowing around in the wind when it rained it must have been a quagmire of wet clay, stone dust. When it dried in the sun it set like concrete, starving most vegetation. When it rained again the water run straight off the land causing floods of biblical proportions. This is sounding like a history lesson, but only highlights a few examples.

The ancient Egyptians are not the only one’s to decimate our planet. If we look at the archaeological evidence of construction around this area at about this time, the land we see today would not support the life style and activities that we now know existed. The numbers of people needed for manual tasks, their overseers, their housing and feeding / farming would all require massive amounts of activity and resources. Coupled with this, the fact that this all took place on the edge of a desert, the area would have been devastated. Upsetting the local natural balance of the area. We know that destruction of a small amount of rain forest can take up to 300 years to repair its self naturally and only when the conditions are correct for this to happen. I believe, that for whatever reason there is, there are some areas developing the same way today, look at say Ethiopia, for example, it seems to be taking on this format. A look at the example below shows the areas most at risk (coloured pink D3.). As I am not qualified, I have no intentions of getting technical here. I’ll leave that to the experts. However, if we leave these areas to dry-out even more, and temperatures rise slightly, the band you see heated in D1 expands further around the globe, the warmer air arrives on the western African coast, I believe that nothing would be able to be done to save the planet from heating up. I am not talking about altering desert conditions.

If we just cool the atmosphere down on the eastern side of Africa, sea, land and air temperatures being interlinked with one and another, would have an effect on the overall climate of the planet. Desert only expands and not recedes; larger areas of dry land produce more heat. If the temperatures rises by only 0.001 of a degree every 100 years this equates to 1 degree every 10,000 years as the desert expands so the temperature rise increases in proportion. We spend millions of pounds/dollars every year giving aid to people. Medicines, projects etc., only to watch them die a few years later from drought. Not wishing to get into politics here. Aids etc. if we spent some of that money on transporting water, they would stand a far grater chance of survival. Billions of dollars spent every year on piping gas, oil around the world, why not pipe water from a plentiful source to Ethiopia or Egypt, or anywhere. If fresh water was picked up at say the mouth of a river, this could be siphoned and pumped through relatively low cost piping under the sea, as pressures inside the pipe containing water would obviously be at the same depth and pressure as that on the outside, thus just leaving shorter more expensive land crossings. Not too difficult a task.

Although such small amounts of water would be ineffective at first, other than providing drinking water, long-term effects could possibly result. Small oasis could be created to grow food initially. If enough water is provided to semi-desert land with help from genetics lets say crops of rapeseed, enough oil produced could provide electrical power or a replacement diesel to run public transport. Reducing the levels of our overall pollution. This would provide sustainable economies, environmentally and commercially and help deal with pollution and oil shortages. The world consumes over 1billion gallons of petroleum a day. Also remembering that when we burn fuel, oil and gas etc. we also burn air.

How much oxygen do we consume? A step further on, any redistribution of water from river to dry infertile land would eventually have an effect on sea levels (if semi-desert is irrigated less water is available to raise sea levels as water tables rise) another step further, water placed on land would evaporate, thus causing rain clouds to form: natural phenomena. Now we get to the hard bit. Rain would reduce particles of pollution by bringing them to earth; this in turn reduces the effect of global dimming. Disastrous. Not necessarily, as water vapour would replace the affects of the particles thus reducing the effects of radiation from the sun, helping to reduce skin cancers. Rain on the earth would also have an effect on global warming, hence cooling the earth directly and stablelising temperatures. Also the growth of plants it would create will burn certain carbons (plant food) and produce oxygen.

Cleaning up the atmosphere. As we have not experienced an ice age in recent years. It is reasonable to accept that the global currents that exist today have been in place for a considerable length of time and would therefore not be too adversely effected by minute drops in temperature, certainly less so than we would expect to see from a polar ice melt. Pouring millions of gallons of water into the eastern side of Africa or the Middle East is not a new idea. It would obviously cool the land area down; this would ultimately have an effect on sea surface and air temperatures, reducing them in proportion. Decreasing the higher temperatures need not necessarily have any effect on temperatures in the more temperate zone, (coloured yellow D1) as the areas of land covered by these areas have been deforested and drained over the last 10,000 years, the land temperature its self will be proportionately higher, keeping sea surface and land temperatures for these areas higher.

The result being I suspect a larger temperate zone. However a small drop of one or two degrees would be advantageous, as this would ultimately reduce temperatures at the pole, thus stopping them melting. Cooler air circulating to the poles would increase the flow of water vapour reaching these areas, thus causing their growth, rather than the shrinkage, that we see at present. More water vapour, moisture in the air-cooling northward and southward would deposit at the poles, this again will have a reducing effect on sea levels. Controlling this situation would require constant updating and supervision. Because nothing will change dramatically, it will take many years to move enough water to these areas of land. It would not be an unobtainable goal to achieve success. To ask the question. Why would anyone believe this is possible and would work? Surely replacing water to where it once was 10,000 years ago would only create similar conditions in the world today. The world and humans survived then, without the threats we now face. With the resources open to us now from botany, geology, genetics, plus numerous other sources we should be able to get it right. And to be honest before we try and terraform mars should we not sort out our own planet first? All information provided in this article has been obtained from verifiable sources and the only input I can claim for myself, is to have assembled it in to this structure. A normal kitchen sink tap will deliver more than five litres / minute, run continually this equates to well in excess of over 2.5 million litres a year. The planet could be replenished, a healthy option for all. Of course any reduction of pollution of all types will make our planet a healthier place. So we could all, still do our own bit to help. If North Africa was, as it is now, where did the resources come from to build the pyramids? I know that there will be specialists, scientists and experts that will automatically dismiss this theory without thought. My answer to them is; It was thought that the world was flat until Christopher Columbus proved different.

If this article provokes research into some or all of these theories, it was worth compiling. The article you have just read is a theory that I believe would be effective in combating effects of Global Warming, and, as you will have read, goes somewhere to reduce other problems we face on Earth today

just for share my memorable event in my life.....

hiiiiiiii

to all viewers....feel free to contact me via my email zekreeismail@yahoo.com or comment on my blog...and i hope we can be friends and we can enjoy a memorable thing around the globe together...............

History my beloved motherland..part 1

hi...we meet again...i just want to share to you all about my state and a best place to travel and spend a vacation here...

Kedah (Jawi: قدح, also known by its Arabic honorific, Darul Aman, or "Abode of Peace") is a state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. The state covers a total area of over 9,000 km², and it consists of the mainland and Langkawi. The mainland has relatively flat terrain, which is used to grow rice. Langkawi is an archipelago of islands, most of which are uninhabited. Kedah was called Syburi (Thai: ไทรบุรี) by the Siamese when it was under their influence.
Kedah borders the state of Perlis and shares an international boundary with the Songkhla and Yala provinces of Thailand to the north. It also borders the state of Perak to the south and Penang to the southwest.
The state's capital and royal seat is Alor Setar. Other major towns include Sungai Petani, and Kulim on the mainland, and Kuah on Langkawi. Kedah is divided into 12 districts namely Baling, Bandar Baharu, Kota Setar, Kuala Muda, Kubang Pasu, Kulim, Langkawi, Pokok Sena, Padang Terap, Pendang, Sik and Yan.

History
Further information: British Malaya and Early history of Kedah
Kedah has a long history. The Bujang Valley has remains of a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that dates back to the 4th century AD, making it the oldest civilization of Peninsular Malaysia. The current royal family can trace their ancestry from this time. According to Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa or the Kedah Annals, Kedah was founded by a Hindu king named Merong Mahawangsa. According to the text further, the Sultanate of Kedah started in year 1136 when the 9th King Phra Ong Mahawangsa converted to Islam and adopted the name Sultan Mudzafar Shah.
In the 7th and 8th centuries, Kedah was under the domination of Srivijaya, and was later under Siam, until the rise of the Malay sultanate of Melaka in the 15th century. In the 17th century, Kedah was attacked by the Portuguese after their conquest of Melaka, and by Aceh. In the hope that Great Britain would protect what remained of Kedah from Siam, the sultan handed over Penang and then Province Wellesley to the British at the end of the 18th century. The Siamese nevertheless conquered Kedah in 1811, and it remained under Siamese control until transferred to the British by the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909.
In World War II, Kedah (along with Kelantan) was the first part of Malaya to be invaded by Japan. The Japanese returned Kedah to their Thai allies who had it renamed Syburi, but it returned to British rule after the end of the war. Kedah was a reluctant addition to the Federation of Malaya in 1948.
Since 1958, the hereditary Sultan of Kedah has been Tuanku Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah. The Kedah Sultanate began when the 9th Kedah Maharaja Derbar Raja AD) converted to Islam and changed his name to Sultan Muzaffar Shah. Since then there have been 27 Sultans who ruled Kedah. The Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) is currently Datuk Seri Azizan Abdul Razak of (Pakatan Rakyat-PAS)....

Geography

Menara Alor Setar is the tallest tower in Kedah.
Kedah is the 8th largest state by land area and 8th most populated state in Malaysia, with a total land area and population of 9,426 km2 and 1,818,188 respectively.
The Pedu Lake is the largest man-made lake in the state.

Demographics
Kedah has a relatively non-homogeneous populace constituted by the three major ethnic groups; the Malays, Chinese and Indians, similar to most of the other Malaysian states.
There are 1,336,352 Malays (who make up about 75.5% of the state's population), 252,987 Chinese (or 14.2%), 122,911 Indians (or 6.9%), 35,293 non-citizens (or 1.9%) and 27,532 people from other ethnic groups (or 1.5%) in the state

Government and politics
Constitution
Kedah's Constitution was promulgated by its Ruler in July 1950 and its full title in English is;
The Laws of the Constitution of Kedah.
The various provisions laid down in the Constitution include the role and powers of the Monarch, the State Parliament and the State's Civil Service.

The Sultan of Kedah
The Sultan of Kedah is the constitutional ruler of the State. His position is hereditary and he holds office for life. The Ruler is the head of the religion of Islam in the State and the executive power of the state government is vested in him. The current Sultan is Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah, who has reigned since 1958.

State Executive Council
The State Executive Council, which along with the Sultan is Kedah's executive branch of government. It is composed of the Menteri Besar, who is its chairman and Kedah's head of government, and ten other members. The Menteri Besar and other members of the council are appointed by the Sultan of Kedah from members of the Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Assembly). The current Menteri Besar is Dato' Seri Azizan Abdul Razak, of the Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS, or Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party).

List of Chief Ministers Incumbent Tenure
Political Affiliation

Mohamad Sheriff bin Osman 1948 - 1954 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Tunku Ismail bin Tunku Yahaya 1954 - 1959 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Syed Omar bin Syed Abdullah Shahabuddin 1959 - 1967 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Tun Dato' Seri Utama Syed Ahmad bin Syed Mahmud Shahabuddin 1967 - 1978 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Syed Nahar bin Tun Syed Sheh Shahabuddin 1978 - 1985 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Haji Osman bin Haji Aroff 1985 - 1996 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Sanusi bin Junid 1996 - 1999 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Syed Razak bin Syed Zain Barakhbah 1999 - 2005 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Dato' Haji Mahdzir bin Khalid 2005 - 2008 UMNO of Barisan Nasional

Dato' Seri Ustaz Haji Azizan bin Abdul Razak 2008 - present PAS of Pakatan Rakyat

and much more i want to share with all of you....until we meet again....for more interesting about my beloved motherland...